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Categories starting with C

Clinical Presentations (2)

Items starting with C

Cholesterol

Cholesterol

Reference Range

The optimal cholesterol concentration for men and women is <4.0 mmol/L (Joint British Societies Guidelines). The National Service Frameworks for coronary disease recommend a reduction to <5.0 mmol/L for those who are treated for secondary prevention or primary prevention where their risk for cardiovascular disease is >20% over a 10 year period. It is often recommended that diagnosis and treatment should not be based on individual measurements because of the relatively high biological variation. Age, sex, pregnancy etc may affect results and appropriate ranges are reported.

  • Turnaround Time: 1 day

Related Tests HDL Cholesterol Triglycerides

Cortisol

Cortisol

Reference Range

Random cortisol

The reference range for cortisol (before 10am) is taken from the Alinity kit insert and is 102 – 535 nmol/L.

 

Short synacthen test

The current cut-off used for a short synacthen test (SST) is 450 nmol/L. This cut-off was derived from a paper in 2013 (El-Farhan et al1) which studied the response to synacthen in healthy volunteers in Gen 2 immunoassays vs GC-MS . This study included the Abbott Architect platform (uses the same assay formulation as the Alinity analysers) which showed good correlation of the Gen 2 assay to GC-MS.  The bias of immunoassays to GC-MS was overall positive. The 2.5th percentile of the geometric mean of post-ACTH stimulation cortisol concentrations for the Abbott assay were 430 nmol/L (Male) or 416 nmol/L (Female) compared to the cut-off of 420 nmol/L for a GC/MS method. It was therefore decided to keep the SST cut-off to 450 nmol/L.

(1El Farhan et al (2013). Method-specific serum cortisol responses to the adrenocorticotrophin test: comparison of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and five automated immunoassays. Clin Endocrinol 78(5): 673.)

  • Turnaround Time: 1 day

Related Tests Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH) Cortisol (Urine) Potassium (serum) Sodium

Cortisol (Urine)

Cortisol (Urine)

Reference Range

24h urine: <130 nmol/24h

Random urine: <12.4 nmol/mmol

 

  • Turnaround Time: 1-2 weeks

Related Tests Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH) Cortisol Potassium (serum) Sodium

Creatine Kinase (CK)

Creatine Kinase (CK)

Reference Range

Females         29 - 168 U/L

Males             30 - 200 U/L

CK levels are higher in males than in females, and in black race populations.  Exercise, muscle trauma (contact sports, traffic accidents, intramuscular injections, surgery, convulsions, wasp or bee stings, and burns), and drugs such as cholesterol-lowering statins can damage muscle and increase serum CK concentrations.

 

  • Turnaround Time: 1 day

Related Tests Phosphate (serum) Potassium (serum) Sodium

Creatinine

Creatinine

Reference Range

Adult Male: 64-104 µmol/L

Adult Female: 49 - 90 µmol/L 

 

  • Turnaround Time: 1 day

Related Tests Potassium (serum) Sodium Urea (Serum)

Creatinine (Urine)

Creatinine (Urine)

Reference Range

Male:  9.0-18.0 mmol/24hrs

Female:  7.0-16.0 mmol/24hrs

 

  • Turnaround Time: 1 day

Related Tests Albumin (Urine) (microalbumin ACR) Creatinine Creatinine Clearance Urine Protein:Creatinine ratio (Random urine)

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Protection of Personal Information – Clinical Laboratory Services comply with the Trust Data Protection Policy and have procedures in place to allow the Directorate and it’s employees to comply with the Data Protection Act 1998 and associated best practice and guidance.

University Hospitals Birmingham medical laboratories at Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Heartlands Hospital, Good Hope Hospital and Solihull Hospital are UKAS (United Kingdom Accreditation Service) accredited to the ISO 15189:2012 standard. For a list of accredited tests and other information please visit the UKAS website using the following link: https://www.ukas.com/find-an-organisation/

  • Molecular Pathology is a UKAS accredited medical laboratory No. 8759
  • Biochemistry is a UKAS accredited medical laboratory No. 8910
  • Haematology and Transfusion is a UKAS accredited medical laboratory No. 8784
  • Clinical Microbiology is a UKAS accredited medical laboratory No. 8760
  • Cellular Pathology is a UKAS accredited medical laboratory No. 10141
  • Musculoskeletal laboratory is a UKAS accredited medical laboratory No. 9897
  • Heartlands, Good Hope and Solihull Hospital pathology laboratories are a UKAS accredited medical laboratory No.8217.

Tests not appearing on the UKAS Schedule of Accreditation currently remain outside of our scope of accreditation. However, these tests have been validated to the same high standard as accredited tests and are performed by the same trained and competent staff.

For further test information, please visit the test database: http://qehbpathology.uk/test-database

For further information contact Louise Fallon, Quality Manager, 0121 371 5962